Diagnosing Hair Loss

Hair loss, or alopecia, comes in two main types: scarring and non-scarring.

Scarring alopecia involves the destruction of hair follicles, leaving scars where hair can no longer grow.

Non-scarring alopecia, the most common type, leaves hair follicles intact but dormant, meaning they have the potential to regrow hair, though they are currently inactive.

Non-scarring alopecia, in turn, can be classified into two types: diffuse and focal. These subtypes differ in the extent of hair loss, manifesting either as uniform thinning or as distinct patches of baldness, respectively.

Among the leading causes of alopecia (hair loss) is genetic predisposition. However, the root of the issue is not always confined to heredity alone. Several other factors can also have a detrimental impact:

• Stress;
• Prolonged use of certain medications;
• Hormonal imbalances;
• Deficiencies or excesses of vitamins and minerals;
• Circulatory issues caused by diseases such as diabetes;
• Lifestyle factors that impair blood flow, including smoking, alcohol consumption, sudden temperature changes, or wearing tight hairstyles;
• Metabolic disorders.

The causes are quite varied, and pinpointing the primary one in each case can be challenging. A comprehensive hair fall diagnostic test is essential, as identifying the underlying harmful factor is the only way to prescribe effective treatment and, ultimately, achieve a successful result. Don’t wait until it’s too late — consult a trichological examination professional today.

Stages and Methods of Diagnosis

Hair loss diagnosing requires a structured approach, which includes:

• Consultation and Examination

• Instrumental Diagnosis

• Laboratory Testing

1. The first and essential step is an initial consultation that includes a visual examination. During this process, the doctor assesses the clinical picture, determining how long the alopecia has been occurring, identifying any chronic conditions, and evaluating the patient's medical history for aggravating factors (such as anamnesis record).

Based on the patient’s responses, the trichologist can make preliminary assumptions about whether the hair loss is linked to genetic predisposition or underlying chronic diseases.

2. The next step involves instrumental diagnostics, including trichoscopy and dermatoscopy.

Trichoscopy is a diagnostic method that examines the condition of the hair and scalp using a specialized device called a trichoscope. This advanced optical technology provides a detailed and magnified view of the scalp, revealing even the smallest details.

A variation of this method is the phototrichogram, performed with a trichoscope integrated with a computer. Unlike real-time trichoscopy, the phototrichogram relies on photographs for scalp analysis and follicle inspection.

Both procedures are painless and comfortable. The trichoscope is applied to different areas of the scalp, and the entire process typically takes 20–30 minutes.

3. Laboratory testing is another crucial stage of dermatological evaluation of hair loss. These tests typically include: biochemical blood tests, hormonal balance tests, and, in complex cases, scalp biopsy or spectral analysis of hair.

Clinical and biochemical blood tests are typically prescribed for all patients without exception, as they can reveal a range of health issues, including potential inflammatory processes.

A blood test for hormones helps identify conditions related to the organs responsible for the body's hormonal balance, such as the thyroid gland, reproductive glands, and adrenal glands, which can also influence hair loss. Hormonal imbalances are especially common in men, with an excess of DHT, an androgenic hormone, being a leading culprit. Still, it's not the end of the world — there is a solution! In modern aesthetic medicine, there are preventive measures and effective treatments against male pattern baldness.

4. One of the most informative diagnostic methods is scalp analysis (biopsy). The essence of this technique lies in taking a small sample of scalp skin for further analysis.

The procedure is performed using a specialized tool that allows for the collection of deeper skin layers. For the patient's comfort, local anesthesia is used, and after the biopsy, the small wound is sealed with a medical patch.

Preparing for Procedures

To ensure that hair loss assessment procedures yield accurate and informative results, proper preparation is essential. For instance, before undergoing trichoscopy, it is recommended to refrain from washing your hair for 2-3 days prior to the procedure. It is also advised to avoid salon treatments during this time. Additionally, hair coloring should not be done at least one month before the procedure.

Blood tests for biochemical, clinical indicators, and hormonal balance should be performed strictly according to the doctor's guidelines.

To prepare for a scalp biopsy, it is necessary to temporarily avoid the use of medications that may increase bleeding, such as aspirin and certain other anti-inflammatory drugs.

Indications for Diagnosis

Hair health assessment is recommended for both men and women in the following cases:

• Alopecia

• Skin conditions such as eczema, seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, and other ailments that cause itching and changes in the appearance of the scalp

• Inflammatory processes on the scalp, rashes, or dandruff

• Fungal infections of the scalp

It is important to remember that the earlier a patient seeks professional help, the greater the chance of receiving the most suitable treatment, effectively addressing the issue and preserving hair.

The trichoscopy procedure is completely safe for everyone, with no age or pregnancy restrictions. There are no health risks, meaning it can be performed an unlimited number of times.

No rehabilitation is required after the procedure.